{"id":14029,"date":"2025-11-30T15:04:52","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T07:34:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/?p=14029"},"modified":"2025-12-29T12:08:40","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T04:38:40","slug":"y-nghia-lod-va-loq-trong-xet-nghiem-pcr-real-time-pcr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/y-nghia-lod-va-loq-trong-xet-nghiem-pcr-real-time-pcr\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>\u00dd ngh\u0129a LOD v\u00e0 LOQ trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR\/ Real-time PCR<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LOD l\u00e0 g\u00ec? LOQ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/strong>V\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR hay Real-time PCR? Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p <a href=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/real-time-pcr\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/real-time-pcr\/\"><strong>Real-time PCR (qPCR) <\/strong><\/a>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA\/RNA c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. Hai th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qPCR l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (<strong>LOD &#8211; Limit of Detection<\/strong>) v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (<strong>LOQ -Limit of Quantification<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>1. LOD \u2013 Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (Limit of Detection)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>1.1 LOD l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (LOD)<\/strong> l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong m\u1eabu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng kho\u1ea3ng 95% v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng tin c\u1eady: c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m qPCR, LOD ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u201c\u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: copies\/ml ho\u1eb7c copies\/\u00b5g DNA). N\u1ebfu n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u00e0ng cao. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng LOD, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 [1,2].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>* Note: <\/strong>C\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. M\u1ed9t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 LOD cao ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n cao v\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>1.2. <strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LOD<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111o l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 5 ng\u00e0y) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00f4 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u1eabu pha (spiked samples) trong n\u1ec1n m\u1eabu \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00edch, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 m\u1eabu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu ho\u1eb7c m\u1eabu g\u1ed9p. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n pha lo\u00e3ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e1ch acid nucleic v\u00e0 qPCR. LOD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c pha lo\u00e3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u226595% s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed7i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 l\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p (10 tr\u1edf l\u00ean) th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0ng tin c\u1eady. Theo CLSI (2004) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n 20 l\u1ea7n \u0111o, tr\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi LOD d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u 60 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 12 l\u1ea7n \u0111o t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i 5 m\u1eabu) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LOD ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c [3,4].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"483\" height=\"322\" src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-7.png\" alt=\"H\u00ecnh 1. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 minh h\u1ecda vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (LOD) trong qPCR. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ea3ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh\/t\u1ed5ng \u200b\u200bs\u1ed1 m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u) [6]\" class=\"wp-image-14030\" srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-7.png 483w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-7-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-7-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 483px) 100vw, 483px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>H\u00ecnh 1. Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 minh h\u1ecda vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (LOD) trong qPCR. <\/strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ea3ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh\/t\u1ed5ng \u200b\u200bs\u1ed1 m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u) [6]<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LOD th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, h\u1ed3i quy Probit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Probit ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n (ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n\/kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n) v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3m C95 (n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 95% m\u1eabu d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m: li\u1ec7t k\u00ea n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 m\u1eabu \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9; t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang probit, l\u1ea5y log10 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb probit theo log n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9, sau \u0111\u00f3 fit \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed3i quy v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh C95.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5, B\u1ea3ng 1 cho th\u1ea5y s\u00e1u m\u1ee9c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch pha lo\u00e3ng m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao. M\u1ed7i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed 8 l\u1ea7n. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Probit cho gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Y<sub>95% <\/sub>= 6,65, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi C<sub>95<\/sub> = 79,60 copies\/ml (log10 C<sub>95<\/sub> = 1,90), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 80 copies\/ml, m\u1eabu s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 95% s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>B\u1ea3ng 1. Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (LOD) ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ed3i quy Probit<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"278\" data-src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14031 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-8.png 794w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-8-300x105.png 300w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-8-768x269.png 768w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-8-18x6.png 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 794px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 794\/278;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>*NA: <\/em><em>not applicable&nbsp; (Kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng)<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>*L\u01b0u \u00fd: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n (LOD)<br>(i) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea: t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n (background).<br>(ii) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m: th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c m\u1eabu pha lo\u00e3ng tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00edch trong kho\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eefu \u00edch h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>2. LOQ \u2013 <strong>Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Limit of Quantification)<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>2.1 LOQ l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>LOQ (gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong> l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean (CV%) n\u1eb1m trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e9p (\u226420%). Theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, LOQ lu\u00f4n cao h\u01a1n LOD v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n [5,6]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>ULOQ (Upper Limit of Quantification):<\/strong> gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. ULOQ ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eabu ho\u1eb7c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>LLOQ (Lower Limit of Quantification): <\/strong>n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. LLOQ ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>2.2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LOQ<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LOQ, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh (linear range) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb 7\u201311 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c pha lo\u00e3ng t\u1eeb m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam 20\u201330% ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn), m\u1ed7i m\u1ee9c l\u1eb7p 2\u20134 l\u1ea7n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 v\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ed3i quy tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u PCR n\u00ean log10 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u00ednh slope, intercept v\u00e0 r\u00b2 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng h\u1ed3i quy \u0111a th\u1ee9c (b\u1eadc 2 ho\u1eb7c 3), so s\u00e1nh r\u00b2 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00fd ngh\u0129a (P &lt; 0,05) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea1m vi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 kit Air-Dryable_HBV qPCR Mix (ABT, Vi\u1ec7t Nam). Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi 10 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 (log10), h\u1ed3i quy tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh cho r\u00b2 = 0,999, ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1eeb 5 copies\/ \u00b5L (LLOQ) \u0111\u1ebfn 10<sup>9<\/sup> copies\/ \u00b5L (ULOQ) [7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"619\" height=\"365\" data-src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14032 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-9.png 619w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-9-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/image-9-18x12.png 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 619px) 100vw, 619px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 619px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 619\/365;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em><strong>Figure 2. <\/strong>\u0110\u1ed3 th\u1ecb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea1m vi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ed3i quy tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1eadc 1: y = 1.016x \u2013 0.0789 (R\u00b2 = 0.999);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ed3i quy tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1eadc 2: y = \u20130.0046x\u00b2 + 1.0592x \u2013 0.1453 (R\u00b2 = 0.9991);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ed3i quy tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh b\u1eadc 3: y = \u20130.0029x\u00b3 + 0.0369x\u00b2 + 0.8974x \u2013 0.0072 (R\u00b2 = 0.9993).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh t-test cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea (P &gt; 0,05) gi\u1eefa ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh trong kho\u1ea3ng <strong>5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10\u2079 copies\/\u00b5L<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LLOQ c\u1ea7n th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a kho\u1ea3ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. M\u1ed7i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 4 l\u1ea7n trong 1 l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y, ch\u1ea1y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 4 ng\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh CV% c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1eabu t\u1ea1i LLOQ th\u00ec CV% kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 20%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>B\u1ea3ng 2. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh LLOQ<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>C<\/strong><strong>oncentration<\/strong> <strong>(copies\/\u00b5L)<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>SD<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong>CV%<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">17.72<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.38<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">52.67<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0.3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">73.38<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 5 copies\/\u00b5L l\u00e0 m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi CV% 17.72%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>3. \u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a LOD v\u00e0 LOQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>3.1. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LOD cho bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m qPCR v\u1edbi LOD th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu ch\u1ee9a n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n (DNA\/RNA) r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m, khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng virus ho\u1eb7c vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>3.2. <strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 Th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">LOD v\u00e0 LOQ l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ISO 15189:2022 v\u00e0 MIQE (Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-time PCR Experiments) t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m qPCR ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb LOD v\u00e0 LOQ khi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:24px\"><strong>3.3. <strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c LOD v\u00e0 LOQ mang l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 PCR nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed3i\/d\u00f2 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\"><strong>4. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Forootan, A., Sj\u00f6back, R., Bj\u00f6rkman, J., Sj\u00f6green, B., Linz, L., &amp; Kubista, M. (2017). Methods to determine limit of detection and limit of quantification in quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).&nbsp;<em>Biomolecular detection and quantification<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>12<\/em>, 1\u20136. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bdq.2017.04.001\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bdq.2017.04.001<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Burd, E. M. (2010). <em>Validation of laboratory-developed molecular assays for infectious diseases<\/em>. <em>Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 23<\/em>(3), 550\u2013576. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00074-09\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.00074-09<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CLSI\/NCCLS. 2004. Protocols for determination for limits of detection and<br>limits of quantitation. Approved guideline. CLSI document EP17-A. Clinical<br>and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne, PA<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>CLSI\/NCCLS. 2006. Molecular diagnostic methods for infectious diseases.<br>574 BURD CLIN. MICROBIOL. REV.<br>Approved guideline. CLSI document MM3-A2. Clinical and Laboratory<br>Standards Institute, Wayne, PA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bustin, S. A., Benes, V., Garson, J. A., Hellemans, J., Huggett, J., Kubista, M., Mueller, R., Nolan, T., Pfaffl, M. W., Shipley, G. L., Vandesompele, J., &amp; Wittwer, C. T. (2009). The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments.&nbsp;<em>Clinical chemistry<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>55<\/em>(4), 611\u2013622. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kralik, P., &amp; Ricchi, M. (2017). A Basic Guide to Real Time PCR in Microbial Diagnostics: Definitions, Parameters, and Everything.&nbsp;<em>Frontiers in microbiology<\/em>,&nbsp;<em>8<\/em>, 108. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00108\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2017.00108<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hoang, C. K. M., Nguyen, K. D., Do, T. D. N., &amp; Nguyen, T. T. T. (2023). <em>Potential applications of the air-dryable qPCR mix in the production of real-time PCR diagnostic kits<\/em>. In <em>Proceedings of the 16th Asian Congress on Biotechnology (ACB)<\/em> (ISBN: 978-604-479-343-6).<\/li>\n<\/ol>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LOD l\u00e0 g\u00ec? LOQ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR hay Real-time PCR? Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Real-time PCR (qPCR) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA\/RNA c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14062,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[228,270,267],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14029","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bai-viet","category-kien-thuc","category-sinh-hoc-phan-tu-bai-viet"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2.png",1920,1080,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-300x169.png",300,169,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-768x432.png",768,432,true],"large":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-1024x576.png",1024,576,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-1536x864.png",1536,864,true],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2.png",1920,1080,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-18x10.png",18,10,true],"woocommerce_thumbnail":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-1707x960.png",1707,960,true],"woocommerce_single":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2.png",1920,1080,false],"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":["https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Banner-blog-website-2-100x100.png",100,100,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"ABT Team","author_link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":1,"uagb_excerpt":"LOD l\u00e0 g\u00ec? LOQ l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR hay Real-time PCR? Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Real-time PCR (qPCR) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA\/RNA c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14029","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14029"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14029\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14164,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14029\/revisions\/14164"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14029"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14029"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14029"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}