{"id":14024,"date":"2025-11-24T14:43:52","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T07:13:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/?p=14024"},"modified":"2025-12-29T12:09:50","modified_gmt":"2025-12-29T04:39:50","slug":"cong-nghe-vi-giot-ddpcr-kep-chan-doan-ehp-va-vpahpnd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/cong-nghe-vi-giot-ddpcr-kep-chan-doan-ehp-va-vpahpnd\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi gi\u1ecdt ddPCR k\u00e9p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n EHP v\u00e0 VPAHPND<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 vi gi\u1ecdt ddPCR<\/a><\/strong> hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm hai \u201ck\u1ebb th\u00f9\u201d l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m: has become a major concern for the shrimp farming industry<\/em> (EHP)<\/strong> g\u00e2y h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm l\u1edbn v\u00e0 Vibrio parahaemolyticus<\/em> (VPAHPND)<\/strong> g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t trong 30 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea3 hai m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. T\u1ed5ng quan EHP v\u00e0 VPAHPND tr\u00ean t\u00f4m<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

has become a major concern for the shrimp farming industry<\/em> (EHP) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi b\u00e0o t\u1eed tr\u00f9ng k\u00fd sinh n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 lan r\u1ed9ng ra nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Malaysia, Indonesia v\u00e0 \u00dac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

EHP g\u00e2y ra h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm tr\u00ean t\u00f4m s\u00fa (Penaeus monodon<\/em>), t\u00f4m h\u1ed5 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (giant tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon<\/em>), t\u00f4m th\u1ebb ch\u00e2n tr\u1eafng (Penaeus vannamei<\/em>) v\u00e0 t\u00f4m xanh (P.stylirostris<\/em>). T\u00f4m khi nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng t\u00f4m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Gi\u1ea3m
Figure 1.<\/strong> H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f2i c\u1ecdc EHP tr\u00ean t\u00f4m (A. T\u00f4m b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m EHP, B. T\u00f4m b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vibrio parahaemolyticus<\/em> g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed gan t\u1ee5y c\u1ea5p (VPAHPND) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n mang gen \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c pirAB<\/em> g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00f4m trong v\u00f2ng 7\u201330 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u sau th\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ebft s\u1edbm (EMS) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u00fa y Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (OIE, nay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 WOAH \u2013 World Organisation for Animal Health) li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch b\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2016. C\u00e1c protein PirA v\u00e0 PirB c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4 gan t\u1ee5y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 gan t\u1ee5y nh\u1ea1t m\u00e0u, teo nh\u1ecf, ru\u1ed9t r\u1ed7ng, v\u1ecf m\u1ec1m, ch\u1eadm l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Figure 2.<\/strong> Gan t\u1ee5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t tr\u1ed1ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. ddPCR k\u00e9p – b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi PCR & qPCR truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean t\u00f4m<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i axit nucleic cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Huang Zhang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2022), nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ddPCR k\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai c\u1eb7p m\u1ed3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho gene SWP1<\/em> c\u1ee7a EHP v\u00e0 gene pirA<\/em> of V. parahaemolyticus<\/em><\/em> AHPND tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng QX200 (Bio-rad).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n