{"id":11490,"date":"2024-07-16T11:48:37","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T04:18:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/?p=11490"},"modified":"2025-08-06T12:21:17","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T04:51:17","slug":"benh-lao-phoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/benh-lao-phoi\/","title":{"rendered":"<strong>5 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i &#8211; tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>1. B\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ec7nh lao n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 10 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/strong><em> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/vietnam\/vi\/health-topics\/tuberculosis#:~:text=Lao%2C%20hay%20g%E1%BB%8Di%20TB%20l%C3%A0,tri%E1%BB%83n%20b%E1%BB%87nh%20lao%20trong%20%C4%91%E1%BB%9Di.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(WHO)<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lao, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh TB, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m do vi khu\u1ea9n Mycobacterium tuberculosis g\u00e2y ra, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5i. B\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan qua c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt b\u1eafn t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lao ph\u1ed5i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n. Ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 5-10% ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n Lao s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh lao trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i bao g\u1ed3m ho, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddm ho\u1eb7c ho ra m\u00e1u, \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, suy nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n, s\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i ban \u0111\u00eam.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1088\" src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16.png\" alt=\"Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO)\" class=\"wp-image-11493\" srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16.png 1000w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16-276x300.png 276w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16-941x1024.png 941w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16-768x836.png 768w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-16-11x12.png 11w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 1: Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec5m lao ph\u1ed5i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) ( ngu\u1ed3n: Vietnam+)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p 6 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kho\u1ea3ng 5% b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n lao kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00e0y, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1eddi gian \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 9-24 th\u00e1ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 li\u1ec7u tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>2. Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nghi ng\u1edd m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh lao<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c<strong> d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao <\/strong>cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1edbm c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a lao ph\u1ed5i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ho v\u00e0 kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm:<\/strong> Ho l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ho k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 3 tu\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n hay ung th\u01b0 ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m, c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn lao ph\u1ed5i. Ho v\u00e0 kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm th\u01b0\u1eddng do vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ho kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm xanh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 3 tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn lao ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ho ra m\u00e1u:<\/strong> Ho do c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e8m theo m\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng ho ra m\u00e1u l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao. Kho\u1ea3ng 60% ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110au ng\u1ef1c, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf:<\/strong> \u0110au ng\u1ef1c l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft khi b\u1ecb lao ph\u1ed5i. Ho nhi\u1ec1u g\u00e2y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf l\u00ean ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111au ng\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi ph\u1ed5i b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>G\u1ea7y, s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao ph\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ecb g\u1ea7y v\u00e0 s\u1ee5t c\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, suy dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hay nhi\u1ec5m HIV\/AIDS, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn lao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>S\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao ph\u1ed5i, s\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t cao, s\u1ed1t th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c gai l\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 ho, kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm, ho ra m\u00e1u, c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn lao ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam:<\/strong> B\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7 do ho v\u00e0 s\u1ed1t, k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i \u0111\u00eam, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n \u0103n:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao. C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, thi\u1ebfu ng\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n n\u1eb1m c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Note:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai m\u1eafc lao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eb9. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lao. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1eafc lao hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>3. B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e2y lan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?&nbsp;<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao:\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh lao t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhanh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lao th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f9a, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, ho, h\u1eaft h\u01a1i, ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea1c nh\u1ed5. Vi khu\u1ea9n lao x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng qua kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"310\" data-src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-17.png\" alt=\"TB l\u00e2y lan qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p\" class=\"wp-image-11494 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/310;width:563px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-17.png 600w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-17-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-17-18x9.png 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 2: Lao ph\u1ed5i l\u00e2y lan ch\u00ednh qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Qua c\u1ecd x\u00e1t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ec7nh lao c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1edf khi c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng may ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ecd x\u00e1t v\u1edbi v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ngay c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng sinh ho\u1ea1t:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n sinh ho\u1ea1t chung nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng chung b\u00e1t \u0111\u0169a, kh\u0103n m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lao, nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t cao. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m t\u0103ng cao khi vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf b\u1ecb lao \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb m\u1eb9 sang con. N\u1ebfu m\u1eb9 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng khi quan h\u1ec7, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi nh\u01b0 h\u00f4n s\u00e2u v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i tuy\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n t\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m, n\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf quan h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu quan h\u1ec7, n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh h\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>4. B\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u0103n kho\u0103n li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 di truy\u1ec1n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay kh\u00f4ng. Theo c\u00e1c <a href=\"http:\/\/phoihanoi.vn\/index.php?language=vi&amp;nv=faq&amp;op=Benh-lao-phoi#:~:text=C%C3%B3%20ph%E1%BA%A3i%20l%C3%A0%20b%E1%BB%87nh%20do,ph%E1%BA%A3i%20l%C3%A0%20b%E1%BB%87nh%20di%20truy%E1%BB%81n.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa<\/a>,<strong> b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00f4ng di truy\u1ec1n<\/strong>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gen nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n vi khu\u1ea9n sang con.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m gen \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh lao. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gen nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-large-font-size\"><strong>5. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1edbm Lao<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm ho\u1eb7c khi nghi ng\u1edd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao hi\u1ec7n nay g\u1ed3m hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh: x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng lao t\u1ed1 (PPD) v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR lao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>5.1 X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng lao t\u1ed1 (PPD)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lao v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi da v\u00f9ng c\u00e1nh tay. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f9ng ti\u00eam s\u1ebd s\u01b0ng l\u00ean trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f9ng s\u01b0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n lao hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00e2m t\u00ednh:<\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ebft s\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u00eam, ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n 5mm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh:<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m lao ph\u1ed5i cao:<\/strong> V\u1ebft s\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u00eam c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n 5mm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m lao ph\u1ed5i trung b\u00ecnh:<\/strong> V\u1ebft s\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n 10mm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Nh\u00f3m nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m lao ph\u1ed5i th\u1ea5p:<\/strong> V\u1ebft s\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n 15mm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd sau khi l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PPD:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 v\u1ebft ti\u00eam kh\u00f4 tho\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c g\u1ea1c y t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng g\u00e3i, c\u00e0o v\u00f9ng ti\u00eam; n\u1ebfu ng\u1ee9a h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng kh\u0103n l\u1ea1nh ch\u01b0\u1eddm l\u00ean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>V\u1ec7 sinh v\u00f9ng ti\u00eam b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00e1i kh\u00e1m theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>5.2. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR lao<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/real-time-pcr\/\"><strong>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR<\/strong><\/a> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n ADN \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n lao trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao, nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong kho\u1ea3ng 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 2 ng\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n vi khu\u1ea9n lao \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 virus th\u1ea5p (t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1edbi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"450\" data-src=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image.png\" alt=\"Nguy\u00ean l\u00ed Rea;-time PCR\" class=\"wp-image-11347 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image.png 731w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/abtvn.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/image-18x12.png 18w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 731px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 731\/450;\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">H\u00ecnh 3: Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Real-time PCR (<a href=\"http:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/real-time-pcr\/\"><strong>Tham kh\u1ea3o chi ti\u1ebft<\/strong><\/a>)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/product\/topsensi-mtb-rpcr-kit\/\">B\u1ed9 kit x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ec7nh lao<\/a> <\/strong>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m<strong>:<\/strong> M\u00e1u, d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1eddm, d\u1ecbch ph\u1ed5i, d\u1ecbch m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o, v.v. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n vi sinh v\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u1ea1m d\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 sau:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>H\u00edt th\u1edf s\u00e2u, n\u00edn th\u1edf v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1edf ra t\u1eeb t\u1eeb. L\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 3 l\u1ea7n, sau \u0111\u00f3 ho m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddm trong c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1eddm v\u00e0o l\u1ecd v\u00f4 tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee5p X-quang, CT-Scan \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>C\u00e1c <\/strong><strong>ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>X-Quang ph\u1ed5i<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m soi AFB \u0111\u1eddm.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea5y lao Mgit.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert MTB\/RIF<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u1ec7nh lao n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 10 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u1eed vong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao: B\u1ec7nh lao l\u00e0 g\u00ec, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2y lan, b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao. <\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11495,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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