{"id":11392,"date":"2024-07-03T16:41:42","date_gmt":"2024-07-03T09:11:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/?p=11392"},"modified":"2025-08-06T13:33:21","modified_gmt":"2025-08-06T06:03:21","slug":"vai-tro-cua-he-thong-doi-chung-trong-real-time-pcr","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/vai-tro-cua-he-thong-doi-chung-trong-real-time-pcr\/","title":{"rendered":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng trong Real-time PCR<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Real-time PCR (qPCR) <\/a><\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p theo d\u00f5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNA m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DNA ban \u0111\u1ea7u trong m\u1eabu. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Real-time PCR ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 tin c\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m, ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p g\u00e2y sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m (Negative control)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m<\/a><\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ed5 sung n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5t DNAse-free v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p master mix. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m tra xem h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u00e2m t\u00ednh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb DNA \u0111\u00edch, nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
Figure 1. <\/strong>\u0110\u1ecdc m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5m hay nhi\u1ec5u. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd l\u00ean cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng song song v\u1edbi m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec5u th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng 5% hu\u1ef3nh quang t\u1ed1i \u0111a<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng (Positive control)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong> trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qPCR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n (standard) ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1eabu axit nucleic c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n sao \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc (Amplicon) gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a DNA \u0111\u00edch.K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00f4n d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a PCR mix \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p m\u1ed3i, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7 m\u1ed3i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, th\u1eddi gian k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf PCR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi DNA m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, gene ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn qua gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t plasmid c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
Figure 2. <\/strong>\u0110\u1ecdc gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Ct c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

3. \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i (Internal control)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i<\/strong> l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n DNA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Real-time PCR ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y Real-time PCR. Ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i \u0111a 12 chu k\u1ef3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c gene) trong th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u1edd v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m PCR\/Real-time PCR l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i sinh<\/em><\/strong> (Exogenous controls) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i n\u1ed9i sinh<\/em><\/strong> (Endogenous control).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
Figure 3.<\/strong> Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i trong ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u25ba<\/strong> Ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i sinh (Exogenous controls):<\/em><\/strong> th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n sao gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u1eabu th\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft DNA\/RNA. N\u1ebfu gene m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb DNA \u0111\u00edch, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed3i v\u1edbi DNA \u0111\u00edch, tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nguy c\u01a1 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi m\u1ed3i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. N\u1ebfu gene b\u1ed5 sung l\u00e0 DNA c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i song song v\u1edbi DNA \u0111\u00edch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed3i\/\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho DNA ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eaft c\u1eb7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u1ed3i d\u00e0nh cho DNA \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea1o ra dimer primer v\u1edbi m\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a DNA \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IC ngo\u1ea1i sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ee9ng minh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng PCR ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng IC ngo\u1ea1i sinh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp m\u1eabu, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1eabu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u25ba Ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i n\u1ed9i sinh (Endogenous control):<\/em><\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 gene tham chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong n\u1ec1n m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 gene \u03b2-actin c\u1ee7a chim, protein Hydroxym-ethylbilane synthase (HMBS) \u1edf gia c\u1ea7m, RNAse P gene \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay myoglobin gene c\u1ee7a t\u00f4m s\u00fa. \u0110\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c IC n\u1ed9i sinh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed3i\/\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cho ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 m\u1ed3i\/\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 cho DNA m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t\u00a0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf trong m\u1eabu v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh thu m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, IC n\u1ed9i sinh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i, d\u00f9ng m\u1ed3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi DNA \u0111\u00edch n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i DNA \u0111\u00edch. Ngo\u00e0i ra, IC n\u1ed9i sinh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o trong quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eabu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ed3i\/\u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 cho t\u1eebng ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
Figure 4. <\/strong>\u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 k\u00eanh t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. K\u00eanh t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1eabu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m t\u00ednh hay d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u1eabu \u00e2m t\u00ednh b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Currently, b\u1ed9 kit do ABT <\/strong>cung c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m, ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd quy tr\u00ecnh khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i PCR v\u00e0 Real-time PCR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh
Figure 5. <\/strong>B\u1ed9 kit Real-time PCR bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m, ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i IC (chia s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chia s\u1eb5n)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kit c\u1ee7a ABT \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i sinh v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i kit: kit c\u00f3 chia s\u1eb5n IC v\u00e0 kit kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chia s\u1eb5n IC. \u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i sinh ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kit c\u1ee7a ABT v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c kit kh\u00e1c. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ung th\u01b0 c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung (HPV), ABT s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i sinh l\u00e0 gene RNAse P \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu m\u1eabu t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ed5 t\u1eed cung, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 do l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Elena Moldovan & Valeriu Moldovan. (2020). Controls in Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Based Techniques,<\/a> Acta Marisiensis – Seria Medica<\/em>, 66(3)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Yaoyao Wang;Jilei Zhang;Kelly Patrick;Min Li;Jiansen Gong;Bu Xu;Qiuping Shen;Yi Yang;Lanjing Wei;Yuanyuan Zhang;Daxin Peng;Jianqiang Ye;Anil Poudel;Chengming Wang; (2020). Hydroxymethylbilane synthase (HMBS) gene-based endogeneous internal control for avian species . AMB Express, (), \u2013. <\/em>doi:10.1186\/s13568-020-01112-5<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m, ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Real-time PCR, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p g\u00e2y sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Team","author_link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9ng \u00e2m, ch\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng n\u1ed9i gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Real-time PCR, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p g\u00e2y sai l\u1ec7ch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c \u00e2m t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11392","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11392"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11392\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13076,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11392\/revisions\/13076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11392"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11392"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11392"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}