{"id":10252,"date":"2024-03-28T13:54:11","date_gmt":"2024-03-28T06:24:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/?p=10252"},"modified":"2025-10-22T14:25:13","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T06:55:13","slug":"ped-benh-tieu-chay-cap-tren-lon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/abtvn.com\/en\/ped-benh-tieu-chay-cap-tren-lon\/","title":{"rendered":"PED: B\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n <\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n \u2013 PED (Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea)<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a virus n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 PED, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 virus g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a PED v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba s\u1ebd th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

1. PEDV (Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea Virus) – Virus g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p \u1edf l\u1ee3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1.1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n \u2013 PED<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n \u2013 PED (Porcine Epidemic Diarrhoea) <\/a><\/strong>do m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i Coronavirus g\u00e2y ra, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y lan nhanh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft cao tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u1ee3n con theo m\u1eb9. L\u1ee3n con t\u1eeb 0-5 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 100%, l\u1ee3n con tr\u00ean 7 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft 30-50%, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PED l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Anh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1971, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (CV777) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1978 \u1edf B\u1ec9. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2010, s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng PEDV m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ngo\u00e0i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan r\u1ed9ng ra h\u01a1n 38 ti\u1ec3u bang \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 sau \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 2013. Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Canada, Mexico v\u00e0 Colombia c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp, g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec7nh di\u1ec5n ra khi c\u00f3 virus PED t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 nhung mao th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1ee3n con th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft nhanh. PEDV th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi l\u1ee3n nu\u00f4i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1i \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea9n, l\u1ee3n con ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam s\u1eaft, l\u1ee3n m\u1eb9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1.2. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e2y lan c\u1ee7a virus PED v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n b\u1ec7nh<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y lan v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb l\u1ee3n \u1ed1m sang l\u1ee3n kh\u1ecfe (qua ph\u00e2n, d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft\u2026) v\u00e0 l\u00e2y lan gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 xe v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra v\u00e0o mua b\u00e1n l\u1ee3n t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1i, qua th\u1ee9c \u0103n, n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh virus PED. Sau khi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, virus PED t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhanh \u1edf ru\u1ed9t non, \u0103n m\u00f2n l\u1edbp nhung mao ru\u1ed9t, l\u00e0m cho ru\u1ed9t m\u1ecfng d\u1ea7n, xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft, l\u1ee3n kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi virus x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o sau 18-24 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0n l\u1ee3n, nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3n con theo m\u1eb9 b\u00fa \u00edt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf b\u00fa. L\u1ee3n con b\u1ecb ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p, ph\u00e2n l\u1ecfng, m\u00f9i tanh, ph\u00e2n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, ph\u00e2n d\u00ednh b\u1ebft \u1edf h\u1eadu m\u00f4n. L\u1ee3n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4n m\u1eeda do s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau, l\u1ee3n con b\u1ecf b\u00fa, m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m n\u00ean hay c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb1m l\u00ean b\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3n m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2y lan nhanh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft cao \u1edf \u0111\u00e0n l\u1ee3n nu\u00f4i, v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh PED do virus g\u00e2y ra n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, virus PED t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u c\u1eefu m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh trong \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean virus PED l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1edfi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1ec7 sinh v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng chu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1i, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"H\u00ecnh<\/a>
H\u00ecnh 1: (<\/strong>A) \u1ed4 l\u1ee3n b\u1ecb PED ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, g\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e9t; (B) L\u1ee3n con ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y d\u1eef d\u1ed9i (n\u01b0\u1edbc) \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh; (C) L\u1ee3n con n\u00f4n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0ng-tr\u1eafng (s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau); (D) Ru\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00e0nh m\u1ecfng, trong, ch\u1ee9a to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t; (E) Ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 l\u00f4ng nhung ru\u1ed9t non b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1; (F) Sung huy\u1ebft m\u00e0ng nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a, ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed v\u00e0 bong tr\u00f3c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c l\u00f4ng nhung ru\u1ed9t<\/em>.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh PED tr\u00ean l\u1ee3n<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2.1. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n qua d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m PEDV bao g\u1ed3m:
– L\u1ee3n con b\u00fa \u00edt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf b\u00fa.
– L\u1ee3n con b\u1ecb ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p, ph\u00e2n l\u1ecfng, m\u00f9i tanh, ph\u00e2n m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t, ph\u00e2n d\u00ednh b\u1ebft \u1edf h\u1eadu m\u00f4n.
– L\u1ee3n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f4n m\u1eeda do s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau, l\u1ee3n con b\u1ecf b\u00fa, m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec5m virus PED \u1edf l\u1ee3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi rotavirus, vi khu\u1ea9n (Clostridium spp., E. coli, Salmonella spp<\/em>., Brachyspira spp., Lawsonia n\u1ed9i b\u00e0o<\/em>, v.v) ho\u1eb7c do k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng (Isospora suis, Cryptosporidium spp, tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng<\/em>, v.v.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ec7nh t\u00edch m\u00f4 h\u1ecdc khi gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu l\u1ee3n ch\u1ebft do nhi\u1ec5m virus PED c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh TGE (Transmissible Gastro Enteritis), b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y ru\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ho\u1eb7c PCR\/real-time PCR \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2.2. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng m\u1eabu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1i, d\u1ecbch mi\u1ec7ng, ru\u1ed9t non, huy\u1ebft thanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u25ba Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng chu\u1ed7i polymerase sao ch\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (RT-PCR), ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c (Real-time RT-PCR)<\/em><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a virus trong \u0111a d\u1ea1ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a virus PED tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi virus g\u00e2y ra tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft m\u1eabu RNA virus t\u1eeb m\u1eabu d\u1ecbch ph\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng, m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u1ed7ng tr\u00e0ng, m\u1eabu m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea1y RT-PCR ho\u1eb7c real-time RT-PCR. Tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ed9 kit T\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft RNA v\u00e0 Real-time PCR ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n PEDV b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n